飞机结构健康监测与管理技术研究进展和展望

飞机结构是飞机平台的基础,是确保飞机安全、长寿命使用的最重要的承力架构.随着航空技术的不断发展,飞机设计思想不断演变发展,对飞机机体结构性能也不断提出更高的要求.严酷的使用环境和严格的功能/性能综合要求,使得结构完整性面临重大挑战.飞机结构健康监测与管理技术具有实时性、在线性等优势,是保证结构安全性、降低维护费用的重要...     

宽带高性能SMA匹配负载的研制

本文介绍一款高性能SMA匹配负载的设计、制作及测试。匹配负载制作难点在于高性能微波电阻选型、过渡段匹配设计及电阻段外导体渐进线设计。本文应用CST仿真软件对产品结构进行整体仿真，优化得到合理结构。仿真中应用TDR模块“看见”结构找到不匹配点。产品测试达到设计目标：DC～18GHz，驻波比小于1.07。测试结果验证设计方法有效性。     

单向陶瓷基复合材料任意应力本构行为快速计算方法

为了实现快速预测陶瓷基复合材料(CMCs)任意应力加卸载作用后的损伤状态和本构行为,对CMCs任意应力加卸载力学行为进行研究。提出了任意应力加卸载曲线简化方法,得到仅包含决定CMCs损伤状态的等效载荷曲线。基于剪滞模型,直接给出CMCs在等效载荷曲线作用后的滑移区分布,避免对载荷曲线的逐点计算。进而预测了材料的损伤状态和应力应变行为。将原始加卸载曲线带入剪滞模型,计算CMCs滑移区分布和应力应变,并与本文提出的方法进行比较,结果表明,两种计算方法计算的结果一致,说明了本文提出的载荷曲线简化方法和滑移区分布计算方法是可行的。     

General aspects on structural integrity

This paper seeks to mark the fruitful collaborative research between scholars in the University of Southampton and Beihang University for last 25 years on structural integrity. Their efforts addressed some important issues in structural integrity such as fatigue and fracture behavior,fatigue load spectra, fatigue and fracture lifetimes, reliability-based service period, adhesively bonded composite patch repairs, Plain Woven Fabric(PWF) composites and composite artefacts.New advances in engineering approaches, experimental methods, numerical algorithms and understanding of failure mechanisms relating to structural integrity are highlighted. Probable limits(or drawbacks) are also discussed. This review provides an insight into the general aspects on structural integrity and constitutes a basis for pointers to the further works on structural integrity.     

Fracture behavior and self-sharpening mechanisms of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride in grinding based on cohesive element method

Unlike monocrystalline cubic boron nitride (CBN), polycrystalline CBN (PCBN) shows not only higher fracture resistance induced by tool-workpiece interaction but also better self-sharpening capability; therefore, efforts have been devoted to the study of PCBN applications in manufacturing engineering. Most of the studies, however, remain qualitative due to difficulties in experimental observations and theoretical modeling and provide limited in-depth understanding of the self-sharpening behavior/mechanism. To fill this research gap, the present study investigates the self-sharpening process of PCBN abrasives in grinding and analyzes the macro-scale fracture behavior and highly localized micro-scale crack propagation in detail. The widely employed finite element (FE) method, together with the classic Voronoi diagram and cohesive element technique, is used considering the pronounced success of FE applications in polycrystalline material modeling. Grinding trials with careful observation of the PCBN abrasive morphologies are performed to validate the proposed method. The self-sharpening details, including fracture morphology, grinding force, strain energy, and damage dissipation energy, are studied. The effects of maximum grain cut depths (MGCDs) and grinding speeds on the PCBN fracture behavior are discussed, and their optimum ranges for preferable PCBN self-sharpening performance are suggested.     

几种金属材料自冲铆接头的静态失效机理

利用自冲铆连接系统、材料试验机及扫描电子显微镜等设备来研究钛合金、铝锂合金及铝合金自冲铆接头的力学性能与静态失效机理。结果表明:TA1钛合金接头平均最大拉剪载荷(6 285.0 N)在3种接头中最大,8090铝锂合金接头(5 478.3 N)次之,5052铝合金接头(3 217.7 N)最小;不同金属材料自冲铆接头的静态失效模式有很大的区别,TA1钛合金接头出现铆钉从沿晶断裂向韧性断裂转变的失效过程,8090铝锂合金接头出现材料被擦伤与解理断裂的失效过程,5052铝合金接头仅出现材料被擦伤的失效过程。     

运输类飞机起落架地面操纵载荷计算

为了使运输类飞机起落架的设计更好地满足适航规范的要求,介绍一种针对CCAR25部规范要求的计算起落架地面操纵载荷的流程,并提出根据轮胎、缓冲支柱压缩状态计算起落架基本尺寸数据和飞机姿态的旋转"虚拟接地点"方法。通过上述流程能够计算得到起落架地面操纵载荷结果,包括飞机在某种地面操纵工况下的姿态、地面坐标系和飞机坐标系下的地面操纵载荷以及起落架基本尺寸数据。通过对转弯地面载荷工况的计算与分析,表明计算流程和旋转"虚拟接地点"方法是准确可靠的且能较好地满足CCAR25部规范要求。     

Prediction of forming limit curve (FLC) for Al-Li alloy 2198-T3 sheet using different yield functions

The Forming Limit Curve (FLC) of the third generation aluminum-lithium (Al-Li) alloy 2198-T3 is measured by conducting a hemispherical dome test with specimens of different widths. The theoretical pred...     

Prediction of forming limit curve （FLC） for AI-Li alloy 2198-T3 sheet using different yield functions

The Forming Limit Curve （FLC） of the third generation aluminum-lithium （Al-Li） alloy 2198-T3 is measured by conducting a hemispherical dome test with specimens of different widths. The theoretical prediction of the FLC of 2198-T3 is based on the M-K theory utilizing respectively the von Mises, Hill＇48, Hosford and Barlat 89 yield functions, and the different predicted curves due to different yield functions are compared with the experimentally measured FLC of 2198-T3. The results show that though there are differences among the four predicted curves, yet they all agree well with the experimentally measured curve. In the area near the planar strain state, the predicted curves and experimentally measured curve are very close. The predicted curve based on the Hosford yield function is more accurate under the tension-compression strain states described in the left part of the FLC, while the accuracy is better for the predicted curve based on Hill＇48 yield function under the tension-tension strain states shown in the right part.     

不同几何调节位置上的单边膨胀喷管流固耦合计算

为了获得高超声速飞行器非设计点上较好的性能,包括单边膨胀喷管(SERN)在内的几何可调方案成为了目前研究的热点,针对单边膨胀喷管开展了流固耦合的研究,重点分析流固耦合中的动态载荷问题,不考虑结构传热及重力的影响,对不同几何调节位置上的SERN开展了计算分析.结果表明在不同位置上,SERN唇口板均出现了超声速颤振.通过进一步分析,获得结论如下:(1)唇口板振动特点主要由材料属性和结构决定;(2)唇口板在不同调节位置上,振动频率大致均为结构的一阶振动频率,喷管升力的振荡范围较喷管推力的振荡范围大;(3)随着唇口板角度的增加,唇口板振幅增大.